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We tend to only recognize VWs that were sold in our own countries. Because many books have been written by American authors, the US models are very well known. Nowadays, the South-American models have also been covered in magazines etc. What often does not get covered are "VW's" not built by VW or one of its overseas subsidiaries. I read an article about a 4WD jeep-type vehicle built in Brazil with VW components. Last summer, I also spotted a couple of weird "VW's" in Turkey (no photos, sorry). It was a pick up type vehicle, with a cab that resembles the '50s Willys Forward Control Pick Up. Its driveline was definitely VW: 5-lug wheels, type 1/2 engine etc. Never seen it before or since. I don't think VW itself built it, must have been done by a local assembler/manufacturer. Re. the 1.6-l. engine in the late Busses: >>Not meaning to butt in but the nonUS vanagons had a optional 1600cc engine >>it looked like a type 1 case but had a full flow oil filter like a type 4 >>the cooling system was similar to type 4 and it had a single 34 pict >>carb. Yes, in Germany (and other European countries) the post '79 Bus (Vanagon) could be ordered with a 1.6-l. or 2.0-l. air-cooled engine. Both had hydraulic valve lifters and electronic ignition. The 1.6-l. engine was mainly intended for export to countries with low grade petrol. From '81 a 1.6-l. diesel engine could be ordered, and from '82 both air-cooled engines were replaced by the 'wasserboxers'. This 1.6-l. pancake engine is not a type 3 engine, it's basically the upright fan engine found in earlier Busses. It had to be pancaked to fit in the approx. 20 cm. lower engine compartment of the late Bus. I want to get one of those 1.6-l. engines to put in my Bug, I like the idea of hydraulic valve lifters, full flow oil filter, etc. Who knows if it can easily be converted back into the upright fan configuration? Hanno Spoelstra <H.L.Spoelstra@WbMt.TUDelft.NL> Bloemendaal, The Netherlands