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On 2 Feb 2002, at 13:58, Dave Hall wrote: > I was assuming 12V at the heater - do you get as much as 14.1V there when > running with old wiring? I've never bothered to measure it. I just used > V-squared x R, which gives 14 Watts for 12V and 10 ohms. Good enough for a > working value as most are much higher resistance than that now. Never got > near enough to a new one to know it was only 45 Watts, hence the admission > of a guess on that. I really don't think the age has much to do with the voltage as long as the wiring harness hasn't been abused; there's lots of misinformation on this out there, sort of like the BS we see coming out of the audiophile folks sometimes. You know: Virgin copper vacuum refined under a full moon in a holistic pyramidal chamber. With the relay under the back seat, the voltage should be just about whatever the VR is regulating at. I thought I remembered 45 Watts from SERVICE Without Guesswork, but when went to confirm it, I found that once again my memory was wrong. It says 60-70 Watts, which for 14.1 Volts comes out to about 3 Ohms. So anything above 10 Ohms is probably pretty much dead. What I think I see on these windows is that there is a base layer which is brown and non-conductive. Over this is laid a resistive layer which was silver. I think the silver layer is fragile while the brown layer appears to be quite indestructible. What most of us have left is just the brown layer. I suspect that I actually cleaned off my resistive layer slowly by cleaning the inside of the window every year or so with Windex, even though I thought I was being careful. I have repaired small gaps (scratches) in the original silver layer, but someday I'd like to try masking and replacing a whole strip. I think the conductive paint is still available in very small expensive bottles. - ******************************* Jim Adney, jadney@vwtype3.org Madison, Wisconsin, USA ******************************* ------------------------------------------------------------------- Unsubscribe? mailto:type3-request@vwtype3.org, Subject: unsubscribe