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Sulphation killed your batteries, it is alzhimers for the battery species. I do not have the chemistry on hand but could be found on the internet under battery conditioners or battery sulfation. I have the following for you on what I saw at a battery repair shop. In the states there are no full repair shops but there are reconditioning shops that change acid and recharge them. Old age of batteries I understand may be due to hardened sulfation on the lead or lead corrosion or other hardened contamination on the plates, sometimes it is weakened acid strength. The bottom line is that the full strength of acid is not able to cover the entire lead surface of the lead plates. Your batteries are suffering from low current due to the latter causes unless lots of pieces of plate has worn down and broken off even thogh they are not shorted, some manufacturers place the plates in semipermeable bags to prevent lead from breaking off and shorting components, the stuff stays in the bag. There is a battery rebuild shop near my house in Tijuana, yes these can be rebuilt just like they used to be. The technician would attempt to charge the battery with a very high current and boosted voltage charger causing the battery to heat up . This would knock down and redissolve the surfur back in the water to make acid. If this did not do the job then he would place it on a battery conditioner and started all over again with new battery acid if this did not work then the battery case would be cut open and all the internals would be pulled out as one piece from the cover. The acid would be stored for recycling . The bad, broken or dirty plates would be replaced. The dirty plates usually range from black (contamination), yellow-white (sulfation) or whiteish (hard faucet water, use distilled water only for refill). The plates that are contaminated and uncleanable together with the broken ones are replaced with shop made new lead ones. Bad lead components are melted down to make new ones. The molds for these look like grids after this clay (known as spongy material) is placed in the grid and then the assembly is placed in a kiln for clay hardening. Battery is assembled internally by blow torching, glueing case and molding new posts with melted lead. New sulfuric acid is place in battery and charged with high current chartger to polarize the new plates, they are all identical and do not know which polarity they are yet. This is the inside story of what I have seen. the chemical formulas I have to dig for are in my notes under piles of papers strewn about in one of my basements. Your batteries can be revived down here unless you buy your own equipment. LEON MARTINEZ -----Original Message----- From: Keith Park [mailto:TopNotchResto@worldnet.att.net] Sent: Wednesday, April 25, 2001 5:22 PM To: Martinez, Leon Subject: Re: Battery Tenders Leon... what is the chemistry that is going on with the batteries that Ive had.. 9-11years, in cars that die of old age?? They will still deliver the current to crank the car but slowly lose their capacity... in other words, they still crank but leave the radio on for an hour and its dead. Keith ------------------------------------------------------------------- List info at http://www.vwtype3.org/list or mailto:help@vwtype3.org